# options to turn hydrological modules on/off # use inflow data # option to compute indicators # option to initialize Lisflood # option to read/write NetCDF # report discharge TS # report gauges and sites # report reservoirs and lakes # report state maps # report end maps # report maps Optimization of netCDF I/O through chunking and caching The option "NetCDFTimeChunks" may take the following values: - "-1" : Load everything upfront - "[positive integer number]" : Chunk size defined by user - "auto" : Let xarray to decide The option "MapsCaching" may take the following values: - "True" : Cache maps during execution - "False" : No caching The option "OutputMapsChunks" may take the following values: - "[positive integer number]" : Dump outputs to disk every X steps (default 1) The option "OutputMapsDataType" sets the output data type and may take the following values: - "float64" - "float32" !-- Parallelisation of the kinematic wave routing (via openMP multi-threading). The option "numCPUs_parallelKinematicWave" may take the following values: - "0" : auto-detection of the machine/node's number of CPUs (all CPUs are used minus 1) (do not set it if other simulations are running on the same machine/node) - "1" : serial execution (not parallel) - "2", "3", ... : manual setting of the number of parallel threads. (if exceeding the number of CPUs, the option is set to "0") --> !-- Parallelisation of using Numba runtime compiled library . The option "numCPUs_parallelNumba" may take the following values: - "0" : set to NUMBA_NUM_THREADS Environment Variable (if NUMBA_NUM_THREADS is not set, will take the number of CPU cores determined by python's multiprocessing.cpu_count()) - "1" : serial execution (not parallel) - "2", "3", ... : manual setting of the number of parallel threads. (if exceeding NUMBA_NUM_THREADS, the value is set to NUMBA_NUM_THREADS) --> This is necessary when using projected coordinates (x,y) Boolean map with the catchment extent /perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/hprot/staticMaps/areawithdeadsea.map /perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/hprot/staticMaps/work/DrinaMask.map /sbsDrina/DrinaMask.map /perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood/area /perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/hprot/staticMaps/areawithdeadsea.map /perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/hprot/sbs/pontelagoscuro_sbs.map 70 40 0.1 -8.6 43.3 # Douro 30 30 0.1 6.0 52.0 Clone map col row cellsize xupleft yupleft 300 200 0.1 -15 25 -> Niger 3600 1500 0.1 -180 90 -> World $(PathRoot)\areamaps\areaEurope.map $(PathRoot)\areamaps\AreaPo.map or pcraster maps or netcdf maps, e.g. Rhine areaLobith.map Niger areaLokoja.map Po areaPo.map Danube areaDanube.map Sava areaSava.map Nominal map with gauge locations, i.e., cells for which simulated discharge is written to file(1,2,3, etc) lat lon (lat2 lon2 ...) or pcraster maps or netcdf maps ./mapsNetcdf/maps/outlets_World.map $(PathMaps)/outlets.map e.g. Lobith/Rhine 6.15 51.85 Bratislava/Danube 17.15 48.15 Niger/Lokoja 6.75 7.85 0.45 15.65 netcdf template used to copy metadata information for writing netcdf $(PathEvapo)/$(PrefixE0) latitude map to be used for snow/ice modelling Calendar convention Reference day and time Date and time of the first time step in the simulation Date and time of the last time step in the simulation If initial condition are stored as netCDF with different time steps. this variable indicates which time step to use, either as a date e.g. 1/1/2010 or as a number e.g. 5 Timesteps at which to write model state maps (i.e. only those maps that would be needed to define initial conditions for succeeding model run). Three ways to define it: * specific timesteps: "10,20,40" * regular timesteps: "start+increment..end" "1..9999" * last timestep: "endtime" timestep [seconds] Sub time step [seconds] used for kinematic wave channel routing Within the model,the smallest out of DtSecChannel and DtSec is used 14400 -> 4 h timestps Number of sample to use in MonteCarlo simulations Number of cores of the computer to use in MonteCarlo simulations This only works with Linux, if set to 1 no forking will be used Time steps at which to write model state maps (i.e. only those maps that would be needed to define initial conditions for succeeding model run) Root directory for maps, tables and parameters Output path (org=$(PathRoot)/out) Directory used to save of the initial value maps. E.g.: lzavin.nc (org=$(PathRoot)/outPo) Static maps path /perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood Maps path Inflow path Calibration parameter path Tables path Directory containing the maps related to channel routing Directory containing the maps related to land cover Directory containing maps for land use fractions and related land use maps Maps for transient land use changes every 5 years Meteo path ./meteoWatch Directory containing the maps related to soil hydraulics Directory containing maps related to the topography of the catchment Leaf Area Index maps path Water use maps path $(PathMaps)/waterdemand19902014 variable water fraction maps path with .nc format: than working with smaller sub-areas is possible Time constant [days] for the linear reservoir that represents the upper groundwater zone. This is the average time a water 'particle' remains in the reservoir if we had a stationary system (average inflow=average outflow) default: 10 $(PathParams)/params_UpperZoneTimeConstant.nc Time constant [days] for the linear reservoir that represents the lower groundwater zone. This is the average time a water 'particle' remains in the reservoir if we had a stationary system (average inflow=average outflow) default: 100 $(PathParams)/params_LowerZoneTimeConstant.nc Maximum rate of percolation [mm/day] from the upper to the lower groundwater zones default: 0.5 $(PathParams)/params_GwPercValue.nc Maximum percolation rate from the lower groundwater zone [mm/days]. GWLoss it’s lost beyond the catchment boundaries or to deep groundwater systems. A value of 0 (closed lower boundary) is recommended as a starting value. default: 0.0 $(PathParams)/params_GwLoss.nc Water storage [mm] in the lower groundwater zone below which baseflow stops, i.e., the flow from the lower groundwater zone into the river threshold value [mm] of the water storage in the lower groundwater zone. Power coefficient in the Xinanjiang distribution function [-] default: 0.7 [-] $(PathParams)/params_b_Xinanjiang.nc Power that controls the increase of preferential flow with increased soil moisture storage [-] default: 3.5 [-] $(PathParams)/params_PowerPrefFlow.nc Multiplier [-] applied to channel Manning's n default: 2.0 [-] $(PathParams)/params_CalChanMan1.nc Multiplier [-] applied to channel Manning's n for the second line of routing, i.e., the overbank flow default: 3.0 [-] $(PathParams)/params_CalChanMan2.nc Degree-day factor [mm / (°C · day)] in the snow melt process. SRM: 0.45 cm C-1 day-1 ( = 4.50 mm C-1 day-1), Kwadijk: 18 mm C-1 month-1 (= 0.59 mm C-1 day-1) See also Martinec et al., 1998. default: 4.0 [mm C-1 day-1] $(PathParams)/params_SnowMeltCoef.nc Multiplier applied to the lake parameter alpha that defines outflow: Q = mult · alpha · H² default: 1.0 [-] $(PathParams)/params_LakeMultiplier.nc Parameter of the reservoir simulation that adjusts the balance between normal and flood storage It ranges between 0.01 and 0.99; larger values results in keeping the outflow longer at normal values (rnormq). default: 0.8 [-] $(PathParams)/params_adjust_Normal_Flood.nc Parameter that multiplies the reservoir's normal outflow (rnormq). It ranges 0.5 - 2 default: 1.0 [-] $(PathParams)/params_ReservoirRnormqMult.nc Critical amount of available water (expressed in [mm/day]!), above which 'Days Since Last Rain' parameter is set to 1 default: 5.0 [mm/day] (not included in calibration) Multiplier of the average discharge that determines the bankful discharge. Discharge over this bankful value triggers the second line of the kinematic wave routing. THIS NEEDS TO BE AMENDED BY ADDING THE RIGHT PATH TO $(PathParams) default: 2.0 [-] PBchange Multiplier applied to ChanBottomWidth Multiplier [] applied to ChanDepthThreshold Multiplier [] applied to ChanSdXdY Suggested parameterisation strategy: - leave all these parameters at their default values. In some very special cases CalEvaporation may be set to some value other than one Multiplier [-] applied to potential precipitation rates Multiplier [-] applied to potential evapo(transpi)ration rates Residence time [days] of the linear reservoir that represents intercepted water default: 1 [day], all water either evaporates of drains within one day Average extinction coefficient for the diffuse radiation flux. It varies with crop from 0.4 to 1.1 (Goudriaan (1977)) Maximum depression storage for water on impervious surface. This water does not cause surface runoff [mm] Fraction of maximum extend of water Mask with Lakes from GLWD database Suggested parameterisation strategy: - estimate SnowFactor from prior data (if available), otherwise use 1 - use SnowMeltCoef as a calibration constant - leave all other parameters at default Multiplier [-] applied to precipitation that falls as snow default: 1 [-] Seasonal variation [mm / (°C · day)] of the degree-day factor, of wich "SnowMeltCoef" is the average value Temperature threshold [°C] below which snow melts Temperature threshold [°C] below which precipitation occurs as snow Temperature gradient with altitude [°C / m]. It is actually the opposite of the gradient, since temperature goes down with altitude. Daily decay coefficient [day-1], (Handbook of Hydrology, p. 7.28) Snow depth reduction coefficient, [cm-1], (HH, p. 7.28) Snow water equivalent, (based on snow density of 450 kg/m3) (e.g. Tarboton and Luce, 1996) Frost index threshold above which soil is considered frozen; therefore, infiltration, percolation and capillary rise stop. Molnau and Bissel found a value 56-85 for NW USA. Field application irrigation efficiency [-]: max 1, ~0.90 drip irrigation, ~0.75 sprinkling Default: 0.75 [-] $(PathMaps)/irrigation_efficiency_baseline.nc conveyance efficiency [-]: around 0.80 for average channel IrrigationType (value between 0 and 1) is used here to distinguish between additional adding water until fieldcapacity (value set to 1) or not (value set to 0) Factor [-] to irrigation water demand More than the transpiration is added e.g to prevent salinisation Annual amount (m3) of treated wastewater reused for irrigation Number of days over which the annual amount of treated wastewater for irrigation is used Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for livestock water use (0-1) [-] Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for industrial water use (0-1) [-] Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for energy water use (0-1) [-] Source: Torcellini et al. (2003) "Consumptive Use for US Power Production" map advised by Neil Edwards, Energy Industry the UK and small French rivers the consumptive use varies between 1:2 and 1:3, so 0.33-0.50 For plants along big rivers like Rhine and Danube the 0.025 is ok EnergyConsumptiveUseFraction=0.025 $(PathMaps)/energyconsumptiveuse.nc Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for domestic water use (0-1) [-] Source: EEA (2005) State of Environment Fraction of leakage on public water supply (0=no leakage, 1=100% leakage) 0.2 $(PathMaps)/leakage.map The water that is lost from leakage (lost) (0-1) [-] Leakage reduction fraction (e.g. 50% = 0.5 as compared to current Leakage) (baseline=0, maximum=1) [-] Water savings fraction (e.g. 10% = 0.1 as compared to current Use (baseline=0, maximum=1) [-] scenwsav.map Fraction of water re-used in industry (e.g. 50% = 0.5 = half of the water is re-used, used twice (baseline=0, maximum=1) [-] scenruse.map table with days for each water use maps 1st column: range of days; 2nd column: suffix of wuse map Irrigation crop coefficient [-] Irrigation crop group number [-] Population [units] Population Land Use Mask Reported water use [m3/s], depending on the availability of discharge Time series of upstream water use at gauging stations Number of sub-steps needed for water use routine maximum number of loops for calculating the use of water = distance water is taken for water consuption percentage of water which remains in the channel e.g. 0.2 -> 20 percent of discharge is not taken out Suggested parameterisation strategy: - leave GwLossFraction at 0 unless prior information show groundwater loss is important - use UpperZoneTimeConstant, LowerZoneTimeConstant, GwPercValue as calibration constants - calibrate on GwLossFraction if necessary width [number of cells] of the window used to smooth groundwater depletion in the lower zone after groundwater abstraction map of aquifers (0/1), used to smoothen the groundwater lower zone near extraction areas $(PathMaps)/gwbodiesNew.map Suggested parameterisation strategy: - Use TransSub as calibration constant leave all other parameters at default values Transmission loss function parameter PBchange Transmission loss function parameter PBchange downstream area taking into account for transmission loss upstream area Suggested parameterisation strategy: - Use CalChanMan as calibration constant to fine-tune timing of channel routing, leave all other parameters at default values kinematic wave parameter beta [-]: 0.6 is for broad sheet flow Reference depth of overland flow [mm], used to compute overland flow Alpha for kinematic wave Minimum slope gradient [-] (for kin. wave: slope cannot be 0) Minimum channel gradient [-] (for kin. wave: slope cannot be 0) Important: do not change, default value of 0.4 generally combines sufficient numerical accuracy within a limited number of sub-steps Minimum value for Courant condition in soil moisture routine. Always less than or equal to 1. Small values result in improved numerical accuracy, at the expense of increased computing time (more sub-steps needed). If reported time series of soil moisture contain large jumps, lowering CourantCrit should fix this maps or single values Initial overland flow storage [m3], direct runoff fraction default: 0 [m3] Initial overland flow storage [m3], other fraction Initial overland flow storage [m3], forest fraction initial snow depth in snow zone A [mm] initial snow depth in snow zone B [mm] initial snow depth in snow zone C [mm] initial Frost Index value [degC/day] water stored as cumulative interception [mm] water stored in the groundwater upper store [mm] days since last rainfall [days] The following variables can also be initialized in the model internally. if you want this to happen, set them to bogus value -9999 initial soil moisture content in layer 1a (superficial soil layer) [mm3/mm3] -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content layer 1b (upper soil layer) [mm3/mm3] -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content layer 2 (lower soil layer) [mm3/mm3] -9999: use field capacity values water stored in the groundwater lower zone [mm] -9999: use steady-state storage initial cross-sectional area of flow in channel [m2] -9999: use half bankfull initial channel cross-section area [m2] for 2nd routing channel, i.e., overbank flow -9999: use 0 initial lateral inflow for 1st line of routing [m2/s] -9999: use 0 Initial lake level [m] -9999 sets initial value to steady-state level Lake inflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value equal to PrevDischarge (ChanQ(t)) Lake outflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value initial discharge [m3/s] from previous run for lakes, reservoirs and transmission loss ChanQ only needed for lakes reservoirs and transmission loss -9999: use 0 maps or single values cumulative interception [mm] water in upper groundwater store [mm] days since last rainfall initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1a (superficial soil layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1b (upper soil layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 2 (lower soil layer) -9999: use field capacity values maps or single values cumulative interception [mm] water stored in groundwater upper store [mm] days since last rainfall initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1a (superficial soil layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1b (upper soil layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 2 (lower soil layer) -9999: use field capacity values maps or single values cumulative interception [mm] prefix for precipitation maps prefix for average temperature maps prefix for potential evaporation rate from open water surface (E0) maps prefix for potential evaporation from soil (ES0) maps prefix for potential reference evapotranspiration (ET0) maps prefix for leaf area index (LAI) maps for the forest land use fraction prefix for leaf area index (LAI) maps for the irrigation land use fraction prefix for leaf area index (LAI) maps for the other land use fraction prefix for domestic water use maps prefix for livestock water use maps prefix for energy water use maps prefix for industry water use maps prefix for variable water fraction These all need to have some (real or bogus) value, even for options that are not actually used! Sub time step used for reservoir simulation [s]. Within the model, the smallest out of "DtSecReservoirs" and "DtSec" is used. Initial reservoir fill fraction [-] -9999 sets initial fill to normal storage limit if you're not using the reservoir option, enter some bogus value Estimate of average net inflow into lake (=inflow - evaporation) [m3 / s] It is used to calculate steady-state lake level in case "LakeInitialLevelValue" is set to -9999 Weir constant [-] (Do not change!) Initial water level in polder [m] Critical Courant number for dynamic wave. Values range between 0-1 (smaller values result in greater numerical accuracy, but also increase computational time) Constant head [m] at most downstream pixel (relative to altitude at most downstream pixel) OPTIONAL: nominal map with locations of (measured) inflow hydrographs [m3 / s] OPTIONAL: observed or simulated input hydrographs as time series [m3 / s] Note that identifiers in time series correspond to InflowPoints map (also optional) Maximum capillary head [cm]. This value is used if Theta equals residual soil moisture content (value of HeadMax is arbitrary). Only needed for pF computation, otherwise doesn't influence model results at all) PF MAPS Reported pF soil layer 1a, forest land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 1b, forest land use fraction Reported pF layer 2, forest land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 1a, irrigated land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 1b, irrigated land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 2, irrigated land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 1a for the other land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 1b for the other land use fraction Reported pF soil layer 2 for the other land use fraction More lowe-level control over model in- and output This is necessary when using projected coordinates (x,y) Clone map latitude map to be used for snow/ice modelling netcdf template used to copy metadata information for writing netcdf Calendar convention Calendar day is back! Calendar day number of 1st day in model run e.g. 1st of January: 1; 1st of June 151 (or 152 in leap year) Needed to read out LAI tables correctly timestep [seconds] (60*60*24) Sub time step used for kinematic wave channel routing [seconds] Within the model,the smallest out of DtSecChannel and DtSec is used Number of first time step in simulation Number of last time step in simulation Suggested parameterisation strategy: - leave all these parameters at their default values. in some very special cases CalEvaporation may be set to some value other than one Multiplier applied to potential precipitation rates [-] Multiplier applied to potential evapo(transpi)ration rates [-] Time constant for water in interception store [days] Average extinction coefficient [-] for the diffuse radiation flux varies with crop from 0.4 to 1.1 (Goudriaan (1977)) Critical amount of available water (expressed in [mm/day]!), above which 'Days Since Last Rain' parameter is set to 1 maximum depression storage for water on impervious surface which is not immediatly causing surface runoff [mm] water use daily maps with a (in this case negative) volume of water [cu m/s] table with days for each water use maps 1st column: range of days; 2nd column: suffix of wuse map Percentage of maximum extend of water Mask with Lakes from GLWD database maximum number of loops for calculating evaporation = distance water is taken to satisfy the need of evaporation from open water Reported evaporation from open water [mm] Time series of upstream water evaporation from open water at gauging stations Suggested parameterisation strategy: - estimate SnowFactor from prior data (if available), otherwise use 1 - use SnowMeltCoef as a calibration constant - leave all other parameters at default Multiplier applied to precipitation that falls as snow Snowmelt coefficient [mm C-1 day-1)] See also Martinec et al., 1998. range [mm C-1 day-1] of the seasonal variation SnowMeltCoef is the average value Average temperature [deg C] at which snow melts Average temperature [deg C] below which precipitation is snow Temperature lapse rate with altitude [deg C / m] Daily decay coefficient [day-1], (Handbook of Hydrology, p. 7.28) Snow depth reduction coefficient, [cm-1], (HH, p. 7.28) Snow water equivalent, (based on snow density of 450 kg/m3) (e.g. Tarboton and Luce, 1996) Degree Days Frost Threshold (stops infiltration, percolation and capillary rise) Molnau and Bissel found a value 56-85 for NW USA. Suggested parameterisation strategy: - use b_Xinanjiang and PowerPrefFlow as calibration constants Power in Xinanjiang distribution function [-] Power that controls increase of proportion of preferential flow with increased soil moisture storage [-] Suggested parameterisation strategy: - leave GwLossFraction at 0 unless prior information show groundwater loss is important - use all other parameters as calibration constants Time constant for water in upper zone [days] Time constant for water in lower zone [days] This is the average time a water 'particle' remains in the reservoir if we had a stationary system (average inflow=average outflow) Maximum rate of percolation going from the Upper to the Lower response box [mm/day] Maximum percolation rate from the lower groundwater zone [mm/days]. GWLoss it’s lost beyond the catchment boundaries or to deep groundwater systems. A value of 0 (closed lower boundary) is recommended as a starting value. Suggested parameterisation strategy: - Use TransSub as calibration constant leave all other parameters at default values PBchange Transmission loss function parameter PBchange Transmission loss function parameter PBchange downstream area taking into account for transmission loss upstream area Suggested parameterisation strategy: - Use CalChanMan as calibration constant to fine-tune timing of channel routing, leave all other parameters at default values Multiplier applied to Channel Manning's n Multiplier applied to Channel Manning's n for second routing line Multiplier applied to average Q to split into a second line of routing Multiplier applied to ChanBottomWidth Multiplier applied to ChanDepthThreshold Multiplier applied to ChanSdXdY kinematic wave parameter: 0.6 is for broad sheet flow Reference depth of overland flow [mm], used to compute overland flow Alpha for kin. wave Minimum slope gradient (for kin. wave: slope cannot be 0) Minimum channel gradient (for kin. wave: slope cannot be 0) Important: do not change, default value of 0.4 generally combines sufficient numerical accuracy within a limited number of sub-steps Minimum value for Courant condition in soil moisture routine. Always less than or equal to 1. Small values result in improved numerical accuracy, at the expense of increased computing time (more sub-steps needed). If reported time series of soil moisture contain large jumps, lowering CourantCrit should fix this can be either maps or single values Reported map of average percolation rate from upper to lower groundwater zone (reported for end of simulation) [mm/day] Do not include extension, since LISFLOOD already defines the .nc (netCDF) extension Average discharge map [m3/s] used to define when to use the second line in the channel split routing Do not include extension, since LISFLOOD already defines the .nc (netCDF) extension if init condition are stored as netCDF with different time steps this variable indicates which time step to use Either as date e.g. 1/1/2010 or as number e.g. 5 Initial overland flow storage [m3], direct runoff fraction Initial overland flow storage [m3], other fraction Initial overland flow storage [m3], forest fraction initial snow depth in snow zone A [mm] initial snow depth in snow zone B [mm] initial snow depth in snow zone C [mm] initial Frost Index value [degC/day] cumulative interception [mm] water in groundwater upper store [mm] days since last rainfall The following variables can also be initialized in the model internally. if you want this to happen set them to bogus value of -9999 water in groundwater lower store [mm] -9999: use steady-state storage initial cross-sectional area of flow in channel[m2] -9999: use half bankfull initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1a (superficial layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1b (upper layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 2 (lower layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial channel cross-section area [m2] for 2nd routing channel -9999: use 0 initial lateral inflow for 1st line of routing [m2/s] -9999: use 0 initial discharge [m3/s] from previous run for lakes, reservoirs and transmission loss only needed for lakes reservoirs and transmission loss -9999: use 0 maps or single values cumulative interception [mm] water in groundwater upper store [mm] days since last rainfall for forest fraction initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1a (superficial layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1b (upper layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 2 (lower layer) -9999: use field capacity values maps or single values cumulative interception [mm] water in groundwater upper store [mm] days since last rainfall for irrigation initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1a (superficial layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 1b (upper layer) -9999: use field capacity values initial soil moisture content [mm3/mm3] layer 2 (lower layer) -9999: use field capacity values cumulative depression storage [mm] precipitation [mm/day] average daily temperature [C] daily reference evaporation (free water) [mm/day] daily reference evaporation (soil) [mm/day] daily reference evapotranspiration (crop) [mm/day] leaf area index [m2/m2] leaf area index [m2/m2] leaf area index [m2/m2] table with days for each LAI maps 1st column: range of days; 2nd column: suffix of LAI map table with days for each water use maps 1st column: range of days; 2nd column: suffix of wuse map Domestic water abstraction daily maps [mm] Livestock water abstraction daily maps [mm] Energy water abstraction daily maps [mm] Industry water abstraction daily maps [mm] Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for livestock water use (0-1) Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for industrial water use (0-1) Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for energy water use (0-1) Source: Torcellini et al. (2003) "Consumptive Use for US Power Production" map advised by Neil Edwards, Energy Industry the UK and small French rivers the consumptive use varies between 1:2 and 1:3, so 0.33-0.50 For plants along big rivers like Rhine and Danube the 0.025 is ok EnergyConsumptiveUseFraction=0.025 Consumptive Use (1-Recycling ratio) for domestic water use (0-1) Source: EEA (2005) State of Environment Fraction of leakage of public water supply (0=no leakage, 1=100% leakage) The water that is lost from leakage (lost) (0-1) Leakage reduction fraction (e.g. 50% = 0.5 as compared to current Leakage) (baseline=0, maximum=1) Water savings fraction (e.g. 10% = 0.1 as compared to current Use (baseline=0, maximum=1) scenwsav.map Fraction of water re-used in industry (e.g. 50% = 0.5 = half of the water is re-used, used twice (baseline=0, maximum=1 scenruse.map Field application irrigation efficiency max 1, ~0.90 drip irrigation, ~0.75 sprinkling conveyance efficiency, around 0.80 for average channel IrrigationType (value between 0 and 1) is used here to distinguish between additional adding water until fieldcapacity (value set to 1) or not (value set to 0) Factor to irrigation water demand More than the transpiration is added e.g to prevent salinisation Annual amount (m3) of treated wastewater reused for irrigation Number of days over which the annual amount of treated wastewater for irrigation is used Irrigation crop coefficient Irrigation crop group number Population Population Land Use Mask Reported water use [cu m/s], depending on the availability of discharge Time series of upstream water use at gauging stations Number of sub-steps needed for water use routine maximum number of loops for calculating the use of water = distance water is taken for water consuption percentage of water which remains in the channel e.g. 0.2 -> 20 percent of discharge is not taken out water amount in mm per day 10 mm for 10 days (total 10cm water) FAO: percolation for heavy clay soils: PERC = 2 mm/day map with starting day of the year map with starting day of the year map with starting day of the year map with starting day of the year local drain direction map (1-9) $(PathTopography)/ldd.map slope gradient [-] (0.50 -> tangent=0.5, angle=26.5 degrees) Elevation standard deviation [m], i.e. altitude difference elevation within pixel. Used for sub-pixel modelling of snow accumulation and melt Nominal map with gauge locations (i.e cells for which simulated discharge is written to file(1,2,3 etc) outlets.map map with monitoring sites (1,2,3 etc) optional map with pixel length [m], only needed in case map attributes are not in [m] (e.g. lat / lon systems) optional map with pixel area [m2], only needed in case map attributes are not in [m] (e.g. lat / lon systems) Suggested parameterisation strategy: - use b_Xinanjiang and PowerPrefFlow as calibration constants Soil depth for 1st layer: 1a (superficial layer) Minimum Soil Depth [mm] for superficial soil layer For Europe it is 50 mm For Africa it is 200 mm Soil depth for 2nd layer: 1b (upper layer) Minimum Soil Depth [mm] for second soil layer Soil depth for 2nd layer: 2 (lower layer) Minimum Soil Depth [mm] for second soil layer Soil depth for 1st layer: 1a Minimum Soil Depth [mm] for upper soil layer For Europe it is 50 mm For Africa it is 200 mm Soil depth for 2nd layer: 1b Minimum Soil Depth [mm] for lower soil layer Soil depth for 2nd layer: 2 Minimum Soil Depth [mm] for lower soil layer 300 urban area (0-1) stack of Direct Runoff fraction maps (0-1) forest fraction of a pixel (0-1) stack of forest fraction maps (0-1) $(PathLandUseChange)/ fraction of a pixel covered by water bodies (0-1) $(PathLandUseChange)/ stack of water fraction maps (0-1) fraction of a pixel covered by other uses (0-1) $(PathLandUseChange)/ stack of other fraction maps (0-1) irrigated area fraction of a pixel (0-1) $(PathLandUseChange)/ stack of Irrigation fraction maps (0-1) $(PathLandUse)/fracDrained.map drained fraction from irrigated area (0-1) rice fraction of a pixel (0-1) stack of rice fraction maps (0-1) groundwater used fraction of a pixel (0-1) NonConventionalWaterUsed (0-1) lake and reservoir water used, fraction of a pixel (0-1) Environmental flow threshold [m3/s[ below which water abstraction stops. E.g. the 10th percentile discharge of the baseline run $(PathMaps)/eflow.map map with crop coefficient for each land use; values ranging from 0.75 to 1.25; source: Supit, p.83 CFET map with crop group number; table 6.1 and 6.2 in WOFOST 6.0, Supit, 1994: p. 86 $(PathLandCover)/manngs_2000_250m.map table with Manning's roughness [m^(1/3) s^(-1)] for each CORINE landcover class map with crop coefficient for each land use; values ranging from 0.75 to 1.25; source: Supit, p.83 CFET map with crop group number; table 6.1 and 6.2 in WOFOST 6.0, Supit, 1994: p. 86 map with Manning's roughness [m^(1/3) s^(-1)] for each CORINE landcover class UpArea do be included in max. celerity variable Number of sub steps for the kinematic wave routing Boolean map with value 1 at channel pixels and 0 at all other pixels IMPORTANT: IF NON-CHANNEL PIXELS HAVE MISSING VALUES, THEN THIS MAY RESULT IN INCORRECT RESULTS Channel gradient (fraction, dy/dx) Channel Manning's n [m^(1/3) s^(-1)] Channel length [m] Channel bottom width [m] Channel side slope, expressed as gradient !! expressed as dx/dy !!! (NOT dy/dx, which would perhaps be more logical) Floodplain Width [m] Bankfull channel depth [m] Each parameter is defined for upper (1a and 1b) and lower (2) soil layers Soil moisture content at saturation [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Soil moisture content at saturation [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Soil moisture content at saturation [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 2 (lower soil layer) Residual soil moisture content [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Residual soil moisture content [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Residual soil moisture content [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 2 (lower soil layer) Pore-size index (Van Genuchten m and n are calculated from this) Lambda is acually 1-n [-] Pore-size index (Van Genuchten m and n are calculated from this) Lambda is acually 1-n [-] Pore-size index (Van Genuchten m and n are calculated from this) Lambda is acually 1-n [-] Van Genuchten parameter Alpha [1/cm] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Van Genuchten parameter Alpha [1/cm] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Van Genuchten parameter Alpha [1/cm] for soil layer 2 (lower soil layer) Saturated conductivity [mm/day] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Saturated conductivity [mm/day] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Saturated conductivity [mm/day] for soil layer 2 (lower soil layer) Each parameter is defined for 1a and 1b Normal parameter is taken for the lower soil layer Soil moisture content at saturation [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Soil moisture content at saturation [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Residual soil moisture content [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Residual soil moisture content [V/V] [mm3/mm3] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Pore-size index (Van Genuchten m and n are calculated from this) for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Lambda is acually 1-n [-] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Pore-size index (Van Genuchten m and n are calculated from this) Lambda is acually 1-n [-] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Van Genuchten parameter Alpha [1/cm] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Van Genuchten parameter Alpha [1/cm] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Saturated conductivity [mm/day] for soil layer 1a (superficial soil layer) Saturated conductivity [mm/day] for soil layer 1b (upper soil layer) Sub time step used for reservoir simulation [s]. Within the model, the smallest out of DtSecReservoirs and DtSec is used. Map with the location of reservoirs (number) Initial reservoir storage (fraction) Total reservoir storage capacity [m3] Conservative reservoir storage (fraction, typically 0.07) Normal reservoir storage limit (fraction, typically 0.65) Flood reservoir storage limit (fraction, typically 0.90) Non damaging reservoir outflow Q [m3 / s] Normal outflow Q [m3 / s] Minimum reservoir outflow Q [m3 / s] name of output TSS file with Reservoir Inflow name of output TSS file with Reservoir Outflow name of output TSS file with Reservoir Filling name of output TSS file with Reservoir storage [m3] name of output map(s) with Reservoir Filling adjusting the balance between normal and flood storage [-] big values (= closer to 1.0 = close to flood) results in keeping the outflow longer at rnormq Multiplier [-] for rservoir rnormq (normal outflow) fraction of the value in table rnormq.txt range: 0.5 - 2 Map with location of lakes Initial lake level [m] -9999 sets initial value to steady-state level Lake inflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value equal to PrevDischarge (ChanQ(t)) Lake outflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value Estimate of average net inflow into lake (=inflow - evaporation) [m3 / s] Used to calculated steady-state lake level in case LakeInitialLevelValue is set to -9999 Lake surface area [m2] Lake parameter A [m/s] Multiplier applied to the lake parameter A Output timeseries file with lake inflow [m3 /s] Output timeseries file with lake outflow [m3 /s] Output timeseries file with lake level [m] Output map(s) with lake level [m] Output map with lake inflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value equal to PrevDischarge (ChanQ(t)) Output map with lake outflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value Weir constant (fixed) [-] Map with polder locations Initial water level in polders [m] Polder maximum storage capacity [cu m] Area of polder [sq m] Width of polder outlet/inlet [m] Polder bottom level, measured from channel bottom [m] Time step at which polder opens in case of regulated polder (use bogus value of -9999 in table in case of unregulated polder) Time step at which water stored in polder is released again(use bogus value of -9999 in table in case of unregulated polder) name of output TSS file with polder flux [cu m / s]. Positive for flow from channel to polder, negative for polder to channel name of output TSS file with polder level [m] name of output map(s) with polder level OPTIONAL: nominal map with locations of (measured) inflow hydrographs Observed or simulated input hydrographs as time series [m3 / s] Note that identifiers in time series correspond to InflowPoints map (also optional) Critical Courant number for dynamic wave value between 0-1 (smaller values result in greater numerical accuracy, but also increase computational time) Constant head [m] at most downstream pixel (relative to altitude at most downstream pixel) Boolean map with value 1 at channel pixels where dynamic wave is used, and 0 at all other pixels Channel bottom level [m] Nominal map with channel cross section IDs Table with cross section parameters (H,A,P) Maximum capillary head [cm]. This value is used if Theta equals residual soil moisture content (value of HeadMax is arbitrary). Only needed for pF computation, otherwise doesn't influence model results at all) Reported pF upper soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] Reported pF upper soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] Reported pF upper soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] Reported pF upper soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] Reported pF upper soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] Reported pF upper soil layer [-] Reported pF lower soil layer [-] threshold value below which there is no outflow to the channel [mm] length of the window used to smooth the LZ zone [number of cells] map of aquifers (0/1), used to smoothen LZ near extraction areas day of the year when the yearly endcalculation is done e.g. 31/10/xxxx = 304 TotalAbstractionFromGroundwater [mm] TotalAbstractionFromSurfaceWater [mm] TotalAbstractionFromSurfaceWater [mm] summed up for water regions Total Abstraction From SurfaceWater and Groundwater [mm] summed up for water regions, montly values TotalPaddyRiceIrrigationAbstraction [m3] Water Exploitation Index - Consumption; for water regions (this is the official EU WEI+): consumption / internal and external availability Water Exploitation Index - Abstraction; for water regions: abstraction / internal and external availability Water Exploitation Index - Demand; for water regions: demand / internal and external availability Water Exploitation Index - Consumption; for water regions Internal available water External available water Region Water Consumption Region Water Consumption Reservoir and Lake storage in m3 at end of month Reservoir and Lake abstraction in m3 Irrigation water shortage in m3 for month Surface water availability in m3 for potential irrigation for each day Monthly evapotranspiration deficit in mm Monthly evapotranspiration deficit in mm Monthly evapotranspiration deficit in mm Monthly Water Dependency Index (0-1) (De Roo 2015) WDI = Upstream Inflow Actually Used / Total Water Demand Values close to 1 give extreme dependency on upstream water Monthly Water Security Index (0-1) (De Roo 2015) WSI = Upstream Inflow Actually Used / Upstream Inflow Available Values close to 1 give extreme vulnerability to upstream water Monthly Water Sustainability Index (0-1) (De Roo 2015) WTI = 1-SurfaceWaterDeficit / TotalWaterDemand Values of 1 indicate complete sustainable conditions, no water deficit Values less than 1 indicate that considerable deep groundwater resources or desalinated water is used Monthly Falkenmark 1 Index (tochanm3) Monthly Falkenmark 2 Index (tochanm3+reservoirlakeabstraction) Monthly Falkenmark 3 Index (tochanm3+reservoirlakeabstraction+externalinflow) Abstraction from groundwater in m3 per timestep Abstraction from surface water in m3 per timestep Region abstraction from surface water in m3 per timestep Region Total Abstraction From Lakes and Reservoirs in m3, per timestep Lake Abstraction per timestep in m3 ReservoirAbstraction per timestep in M3 ReservoirStorage in M3 LakeStorage in M3 AreatotalIrrigationUseM3 FractionAbstractedFromChannels EFlowIndicator (1 on day with ChanQ smaller than EflowThreshold, 0 on normal days) [mm] [mm] [mm] Reported discharge [cu m/s] (average over the model timesteps) (AvgDis) Reported Topsoil moisture [%] Reported Topsoil moisture [%] Reported discharge [cu m/s] at the end of a timestep Reported discharge [cu m/s] but cut by a discharge mask map Reported water level [m] % False by default The variable "repStateMaps" (lfoptions) activates the generation of these maps. The time steps to be reported are set through the variable "ReportSteps" (lfuser) Only for initialisation of succeeding runs Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 2 (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported days since last rain Reported water depth Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for direct fraction on catchment surface Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for other fraction on catchment surface Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for forest fraction on catchment surface Reported chan cross-section area [m2] Reported snow cover in snow zone A [mm] Reported snow cover in snow zone B [mm] Reported snow cover in snow zone C [mm] Reported frost index [degC/day] Reported interception storage [mm] Reported cross section area 2nd line of routing [m2] Reported channel side flow [m2/s] Reported istantaneous discharge at end of computation step [cu m/s] ChanQ Reported days since last rain Reported interception storage [mm] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 2 (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] cumulative interception [mm] Reported days since last rain Reported interception storage [mm] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 2 (lowerupper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] Reported transpiration maps, other fraction [mm] Reported transpiration maps, forest fraction [mm] Reported transpiration maps, irrigated fraction [mm] Reported transpiration maps, weighted sum over the fractions of each pixel [mm] The variable "repEndMaps" (lfoptions) activates the generation of these maps Same as above, but always at last time step Support for these "end" maps will most likely be discontinued some time soon Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 2 (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported days since last rain Reported water depth [m] Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for direct fraction on catchment surface Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for other fraction on catchment surface Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for forest fraction on catchment surface Reported chan cross-section area [m2] Reported snow cover in snow zone A [mm] Reported snow cover in snow zone B [mm] Reported snow cover in snow zone C [mm] Reported frost index [degC/day] Reported interception storage [mm] Reported lake level [m] Reported lake inflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value equal to PrevDischarge (ChanQ(t)) Reported lake outflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s] -9999 sets initial value Reported lake storage [m3] Reported reservoir filling [-] Reported cross section area 2nd line of rounting [m2] Reported channel side flow [m2/s] Reported istantaneous discharge at end of computation step [cu m/s] ChanQ Reported discharge [cu m/s] (average over the model timesteps) (AvgDis) Reported days since last rain Reported interception storage [mm] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 2 (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] cumulative interception [mm] Reported days since last rain Reported interception storage [mm] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1c (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] only if reporting of each respective variable is switched on default: all switched off Note reporting is done as a quantity per time step, not as an intensity (as in meteo input!) Precipitation [mm per time step] Average DAILY temperature [degrees C] Potential reference evapotranspiration [mm per time step] Potential evaporation from bare soil surface [mm per time step] Potential evaporation from open water surface [mm per time step] only if reporting of each respective variable is switched on default: all switched off Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 2 (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for combined soil layer 1 and 2 [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported storage in lower response box [mm] Reported days since last rain Reported water depth [m] Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for direct runoff fraction on catchment surfac Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for other fraction on catchment surfac Reported overland flow water volume [m3] for forest fraction on catchment surfac Reported channel cross-section area [m2] Reported snow cover [mm] Reported frost index [degC/day] Reported interception storage, other fraction [mm] Reported days since last rain Reported interception storage, forest fraction [mm] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a (superficial layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1b (upper layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 2 (lower layer) [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported storage in upper response box [mm] only if reporting of each respective variable is switched on default: all switched off Reported rain (excluding snow)[mm] Reported snow (excluding rain)[mm] Reported snowmelt [mm] Reported interception [mm] Reported transpiration [mm] Reported soil evaporation [mm] Reported evaporation of intercepted water [mm] Reported actual evapotranspiration [mm] Reported leaf drainage [mm] Reported infiltration [mm] Reported preferential flow [mm] Reported percolation from soil layer 1a to soil layer 1b, other fraction [mm] Reported percolation from soil layer 1a to soil layer 1b, forest fraction [mm] Reported percolation from soil layer 1a to soil layer 1b, irrigation fraction [mm] Reported percolation from soil layer 1b to soil layer 2, other fraction [mm] Reported percolation from soil layer 1b to soil layer 2, forest fraction [mm] Reported percolation from soil layer 1b to soil layer 2, irrigation fraction [mm] Reported seepage to groundwater(from soil layer 2 to groundwater), other fraction [mm] Reported seepage to groundwater(from soil layer 2 to groundwater), forest fraction [mm] Reported seepage to groundwater(from soil layer 2 to groundwater), irrigation fraction [mm] Reported seepage to groundwater(from soil layer 2 to groundwater), weighted sum over the fraction of each pixel [mm] Reported available groundwater LZ + GWLoss [mm] Reported surface runoff [mm] Reported upper zone outflow [mm] Reported lower zone outflow [mm] Reported fast runoff = surface + UZ [mm] Reported GWloss [mm] Reported total runoff [mm] Reported total runoff that enters the channel: groundwater + surface runoff [mm] Reported Direct Runoff [mm] Reported FlowVelocityMSecMaps [m/s] Reported TravelDistance [m] Reported percolation from upper to lower groundwater zone [mm] Reported evaporation of intercepted water [mm] Reported soil evaporation [mm] Reported leaf drainage Forest[mm] Reported interception forest [mm] Reported infiltration [mm] Reported transpiration forest [mm] Reported preferential flow [mm] Reported percolation from 1st to 2nd soil layer [mm] Reported seepage to groundwater[mm] Reported upper zone outflow [mm] Reported percolation from upper to lower zone [mm] Reported loss from lower zone [mm] Reported loss from lower zone [mm] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for soil layer 1a [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 1b [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Reported volumetric soil moisture content for both soil layer 2 [V/V] [mm3/mm3] Time series of average percolation rate from upper to lower groundwater zone (reported at sites) [mm/day] Time series of average percolation rate from upper to lower groundwater zone (average for upstream area of each gauge) [mm/day] Reported number of days in simulation with soil moisture stress [days] Reported number of days in simulation with soil moisture stress for forest fraction [days] Reported soil transpiration reduction factor [-] for other landuse values below 1 indicate soil moisture stress Reported soil transpiration reduction factor [-] values below 1 indicate soil moisture stress Reported discharge [cu m/s] Reported discharge over last routing sub-step [m3/s] Reported water level [m] Water depth on soil surface [mm] Depth of snow cover on soil surface [mm] Water stored as interception [mm] Soil moisture layer 1a [cu mm / cu mm] Soil moisture layer 1b [cu mm / cu mm] Soil moisture layer 2 [cu mm / cu mm] Storage in upper groundwater zone [mm] Storage in lower groundwater zone [mm] Days since last rain [days] Frost index [degC/day] Days since last rain [days] Rain (excluding snow) [mm] Snow (excluding rain) [mm] Reported snowmelt [mm] Reported interception [mm] Reported transpiration [mm] Reported soil evaporation [mm] Reported evaporation from interception storage [mm] Reported leaf drainage [mm] Reported infiltration [mm] Reported preferential flow [mm] Reported percolation from 1st to 2nd soil layer [mm] Reported seepage to groundwater[mm] Reported surface runoff [mm] Reported upper zone outflow [mm] Reported lower zone outflow [mm] Reported total runoff [mm] Reported percolation from upper to lower zone [mm] Reported loss from lower zone [mm] only if repMeteoUpsGauges option is activated Precipitation [mm/time step] Average temperature [deg C] Reference evapotranspiration [mm/time step] Potential soil evaporation [mm/time step] Potential open water evaporation [mm/time step] only if repStateUpsGauges option is activated Water depth on soil surface [mm] Depth of snow cover on soil surface [mm] Water stored as interception [mm] Soil moisture upper layer [mm3/mm3] Soil moisture lower layer [mm3/mm3] Storage in upper groundwater zone [mm] Storage in lower groundwater zone [mm] Days since last rain [days] Frost index [degC/day] Days since last rain [days] only if repRateUpsGauges option is activated Rain (excluding snow) [mm] Snow (excluding rain) [mm] Snow melt [mm] Interception [mm] Actual transpiration [mm] Actual evaporation [mm] Evaporation from interception storage [mm] Leaf drainage [mm] Infiltration [mm] Preferential flow [mm] Percolation upper to lower soil layer [mm] Seepage from lower soil layer to groundwater [mm] Surface runoff [mm] Outflow from upper groundwater zone (to channel) [mm] Outflow from lower groundwater zone (to channel) [mm] Total runoff [mm] Reported percolation from upper to lower groundwater zone [mm] Reported loss from lower zone [mm] Reported mass balance error at outlet [cu m] Reported mass balance error at outlet (as mm water slice) Reported mass balance error due to the split routing module, for each catchment [m3] Reported discharge error at the outlet as a consequence of the mass balance error within the split routing module, for each catchment [m3/s] Reported ratio between the mass balance error and the water volume storage, for each catchment [m3/m3] Average value of the sum of the fractions within a catchment: this value must be 1.0 in order to avoid mass balace errors! [-] Number of cells with Theta lower than residual soil moisture content (should ALWAYS be zero, if not something is seriously wrong!!!) TEST ONLY!! REMOVE OR HIDE IN FINAL VERSION!! Number of cells with Theta lower than residual soil moisture content (should ALWAYS be zero, if not something is seriously wrong!!!) TEST ONLY!! REMOVE OR HIDE IN FINAL VERSION!! Number of sub-steps needed for soil moisture routine areamap MaskMap; timer StepStart StepEnd 1; ReportSteps=$(ReportSteps);